Violence at the Urban Margins

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Автор: Javier Auyero; Philippe I. Bourgois; Nancy Scheper-Hughes

Название: Violence at the Urban Margins

Язык: english

Издательство: New York, NY: Oxford University Press

Год: 2015

Серия: Global and comparative ethnography

Формат: pdf

Размер: 12,3 mb

Страниц: x, 340

In the Americas, debates around issues of citizen's public safety--from debates that erupt after highly publicized events, such as the shootings of Jordan Davis and Trayvon Martin, to those that recurrently dominate the airwaves in Latin America--are dominated by members of the middle and upper-middle classes. However, a cursory count of the victims of urban violence in the Americas reveals that the people suffering the most from violence live, and die, at the lowest of the socio-symbolic order, at the margins of urban societies.

The inhabitants of the urban margins are hardly ever heard in discussions about public safety. They live in danger but the discourse about violence and risk belongs to, is manufactured and manipulated by, others--others who are prone to view violence at the urban margins as evidence of a cultural, or racial, defect, rather than question violence's relationship to economic and political marginalization. As a result, the experience of interpersonal violence among the urban poor becomes something unspeakable, and the everyday fear and trauma lived in relegated territories is constantly muted and denied.

This edited volume seeks to counteract this pernicious tendency by putting under the ethnographic microscope--and making public--the way in which violence is lived and acted upon in the urban peripheries. It features cutting-edge ethnographic research on the role of violence in the lives of the urban poor in South, Central, and North America, and sheds light on the suffering that violence produces and perpetuates, as well as the individual and collective responses that violence generates, among those living at the urban margins of the Americas

Acknowledgments vii

List of Contributors ix

Introduction 1

Kristine Kilanski and Javier Auyero

PART ONE: Shared Underscandings

1. The Moral Economy of Murder: Violence, Death, and Social Order in Nicaragua 21

Dennis Rodgers

2. The Moral Economy of Violence in the US Inner City: Deadly Sociability in the Retail Narcotics Economy 41

George Karandinos, Laurie Hart, Fernando Montero Castrillo, and Philippe Bourgois

3. On the Importance of Having a Positive Attitude 73

Kevin Lewis O'Neill and Benjamin Fogarty-Valenzuela

PART TWO: Gender and Masculinicies

4. “Es que para ellos el deporte es matar”: Rethinking the Scripts of Violent Men in El Salvador and Brazil 93

Mo Hume and Polly Wilding

5. Duros and Gangland Girlfriends: Male Identity, Gang Socialization, and Rape in Medellin 112

Adam Baird

PART THREE: Being in Danger, What Do People Do?

6. Fear and Spectacular Drug Violence in Monterrey 135

Ana Villarreal

7. Chismosas and Alcahuetas: Being the Mother of an Empistolado within the Everyday Armed Violence of a Caracas Barrio 162

Veronica Zubillaga, Manuel Llorens, and John Souto

8. Managing in the Midst of Social Disaster: Poor Peoples Responses to Urban Violence 189

Javier Auyero and Kristine Kilanski

9. When the Police Knock Your Door In 212

Alice Goffman

PART FOUR: Ethnographic Positions and the Politics of Violence

10. Standpoint Purgatorio: Liminal Fear and Danger in Studying the “Black and Brown” Tension in Los Angeles 249

Randol Contreras

11. Death Squads and Vigilante Politics in Democratic Northeast Brazil 266

Nancy Scheper-Hughes

Postface: Insecurity, the War on Drugs, and Crimes of the State: Symbolic Violence in the Americas 305

Philippe Bourgois

Index 323