Software Engineering Measurement

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Название:Software Engineering Measurement

Автор:John C. Munson Ph.D.

Издательство: Auerbach Publications

Год: 2003

Страниц: 564

Язык: English

Формат: pdf

Размер: 6 Mb

The product of many years of practical experience and research in the software measurement business, this technical reference helps you select what metrics to collect, how to convert measurement data to management information, and provides the statistics necessary to perform these conversions. The author explains how to manage software development measurement systems, how to build software measurement tools and standards, and how to construct controlled experiments using standardized measurement tools.

There are three fundamental questions that this book seeks to answer. First, exactly how do you get the measurement data? Second, how do you convert the data from the measurement process to information that you can use to manage the software development process? Third, how do you manage all of the data?

Millions of dollars are being spent trying to secure software systems. When suitable instrumentation is placed into the systems that we develop, their activity can be monitored in real time. Measurement based automatic detection mechanisms can be designed into systems. This will permit the detection of system misuse and detect incipient reliability problems.

By demonstrating how to develop simple experiments for the empirical validation of theoretical research and showing how to convert measurement data into meaningful and valuable information, this text fosters more precise use of software measurement in the computer science and software engineering literature. Software Engineering Measurement shows you how to convert your measurement data to valuable information that can be used immediately for software process improvement.

Table of Contents

THE GOALS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT

Software Engineering Measurement

The Rationale for Effective Measurement

Measurement across the Life Cycle Model

Reasonable and Attainable Goals for Software Measurement

Summary

THE CONDUCT OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS

The Principals of Scientific Investigation

Measurement

Measurement Issues

Measurement Standards

Principles of Experimentation

MEASURING SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

Measurement Domains

Modeling: Mapping among Measurement Domains

The Process of Software Measurement

Summary

VALIDATION OF SOFTWARE MEASURES

Understanding What Is Being Measured

Criterion-Oriented Validity

Content Validity

Construct Validity

Empirical Validity

Reliability

STATIC SOFTWARE MEASUREMENT

Introduction

Primitive Measures of Source Code

Measures of Software Quality

Summary

DERIVED SOFTWARE MEASURES

Introduction

Software Science Metrics

Sources of Variation

The Principal Components of Measurement

Principal Components Analysis as a Validation Tool

Discovering New Sources of Variation

Domain Metrics

A Unitary Measure of Software Complexity

Summary

MODELING WITH METRICS

Introduction

Simple Linear Regression

Non-Linear Models

Problems Associated with Multicollinearity

Regression as a Metric Validation Tool

Canonical Correlation

MEASURING SOFTWARE EVOLUTION

Introduction

Measuring Evolving Software

Measuring Changes to Modules across Builds

Summary

SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN

Introduction

Software Operational Requirements Specification

Software Functional Requirements Specification

Software Module Requirements Specification

A Formal Description of Program Operation

Configuration Control for the Requirements

Measuring Software Design Alternatives

Maintainability

DYNAMIC SOFTWARE MEASUREMENT

Introduction

A Stochastic Description of Program Operation

The Profiles of Software Dynamics

Estimates for Profiles

Code Instrumentation

Instrumenting for the Profiles

Partial Complexity

A Measure of Cohesion

Entropy

Testability Revisited

THE MEASUREMENT OF SOFTWARE TESTING ACTIVITY

Introduction

Static and Dynamic Measurement

A Metaphor for Test Activity

Measurement Based Testing

Fractional Measures

Introduction to Statistical Testing

SOFTWARE AVAILABILITY

Introduction

Software Reliability

Availability

Security

Maintainability

IMPLEMENTING A SOFTWARE MEASUREMENT PLAN

The Software Measurement Process

Building a Measurement Process

Measurement Process Improvement

Institutionalizing Measurement Process Improvement

A Network Based Measurement System

IMPLEMENTING A SOFTWARE RESEARCH PLAN

What Is Software Research?

Implementing a Research Plan

Defining Software Research Objectives

Budgeting for Software Research

Research Pays

APPENDIXES

REVIEW OF MATHEMATICAL FUNDAMENTALS

Matrix Algebra

Some Notions of Probability

Discrete Probability Distributions

Continuous Probability Distributions

Statistics

Tests of Hypotheses

Introduction to Modeling

A STANDARD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF C PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ATTRIBUTES

Introduction

Compiler Directives

Style and Statement Metrics

Lexical Metrics

Control Flowgraph Metrics

Coupling Metrics

Definitions

Tokens